Long-term TeV and X-ray Observations of the Gamma-ray Binary HESS J0632+057
E. Aliu
,
S. Archambault
,
T. Aune
,
B. Behera
,
M. Beilicke
,
W. Benbow
,
K. Berger
,
R. Bird
,
A. Bouvier
,
J. H. Buckley
,
V. Bugaev
,
K. Byrum
,
M. Cerruti
(1)
,
X. Chen
,
L. Ciupik
,
M. P. Connolly
,
W. Cui
,
C. Duke
,
J. Dumm
,
M. Errando
,
A. Falcone
,
S. Federici
,
Q. Feng
,
J. P. Finley
,
P. Fortin
(2)
,
L. Fortson
,
A. Furniss
,
N. Galante
,
G. H. Gillanders
,
S. Griffin
,
S. T. Griffiths
,
J. Grube
,
G. Gyuk
,
D. Hanna
,
J. Holder
,
G. Hughes
,
T. B. Humensky
,
P. Kaaret
,
M. Kertzman
,
Y. Khassen
,
D. Kieda
,
H. Krawczynski
,
F. Krennrich
,
M. J. Lang
,
A. S Madhavan
,
G. Maier
,
P. Majumdar
,
A. Mccann
,
P. Moriarty
,
R. Mukherjee
,
D. Nieto
,
A. O'Faoláin de Bhróithe
,
R. A. Ong
,
A. N. Otte
,
N. Park
,
J. S. Perkins
,
M. Pohl
,
A. Popkow
,
H. Prokoph
,
J. Quinn
,
K. Ragan
,
J. Rajotte
,
L. C. Reyes
,
P. T. Reynolds
,
G. T. Richards
,
E. Roache
,
J. Rousselle
,
G. H. Sembroski
,
F. Sheidaei
,
C. Skole
,
A. W. Smith
,
D. Staszak
,
M. Stroh
,
I. Telezhinsky
,
M. Theiling
,
J. V. Tucci
,
J. Tyler
,
A. Varlotta
,
Serge Vincent
,
S. P. Wakely
,
A. Weinstein
,
R. Welsing
,
D. A. Williams
,
A. Zajczyk
,
B. Zitzer
,
A. Abramowski
,
F. Aharonian
,
F. Ait Benkhali
,
A. G. Akhperjanian
,
E. Angüner
,
G. Anton
,
S. Balenderan
,
Agnès Balzer
,
A. Barnacka
,
Y. Becherini
,
J. Becker Tjus
,
K. Bernlöhr
,
E. Birsin
,
E. Bissaldi
,
J. Biteau
(2)
,
M. Böttcher
,
C. Boisson
(1)
,
J. Bolmont
(3)
,
P. Bordas
,
J. Brucker
,
F. Brun
,
P. Brun
(4)
,
T. Bulik
,
S. Carrigan
,
S. Casanova
,
P. M. Chadwick
,
R. Chalme-Calvet
(3)
,
R. C. G. Chaves
,
A. Cheesebrough
,
M. Chrétien
(3)
,
S. Colafrancesco
,
G. Cologna
,
J. Conrad
,
C. Couturier
(3)
,
M. Dalton
(5)
,
M. K. Daniel
,
I. D. Davids
,
B. Degrange
(2)
,
C. Deil
,
P. Dewilt
,
H. J. Dickinson
,
A. Djannati-Ataï
(6, 7)
,
W. Domainko
,
L. O'C. Drury
,
G. Dubus
,
K. Dutson
,
J. Dyks
,
M. Dyrda
,
T. Edwards
,
K. Egberts
,
P. Eger
,
P. Espigat
(7)
,
C. Farnier
,
S. Fegan
(2)
,
F. Feinstein
(8)
,
M. V. Fernandes
,
D. Fernandez
(8)
,
A. Fiasson
(9)
,
G. Fontaine
(2)
,
A. Forster
,
M. Füssling
,
M. Gajdus
,
Y. A. Gallant
(8)
,
T. Garrigoux
(3)
,
G. Giavitto
,
B. Giebels
(2)
,
J. F. Glicenstein
,
M. -H. Grondin
,
M. Grudzińska
,
S. Häffner
,
J. Hahn
,
J. Harris
,
G. Heinzelmann
,
G. Henri
,
G. Hermann
,
O. Hervet
(1)
,
A. Hillert
,
J. A. Hinton
,
W. Hofmann
,
P. Hofverberg
,
M. Holler
,
D. Horns
,
A. Jacholkowska
(3)
,
C. Jahn
,
M. Jamrozy
,
M. Janiak
,
F. Jankowsky
,
I. Jung
,
M. A. Kastendieck
,
K. Katarzyński
,
U. Katz
,
S. Kaufmann
,
B. Khélifi
,
Michel Kieffer
(3)
,
S. Klepser
,
D. Klochkov
,
W. Kluźniak
,
T. Kneiske
,
D. Kolitzus
,
Nu. Komin
(9)
,
K. Kosack
,
S. Krakau
,
F. Krayzel
(9)
,
P. P. Krüger
,
H. Laffon
(5)
,
G. Lamanna
(9)
,
J. Lefaucheur
(7)
,
A. Lemiére
(7)
,
M. Lemoine-Goumard
(5)
,
J. -P. Lenain
,
D. Lennarz
,
T. Lohse
,
A. Lopatin
,
C. -C. Lu
,
V. Marandon
,
Alexandre Marcowith
(8)
,
R. Marx
,
G. Maurin
(9)
,
N. Maxted
,
M. Mayer
,
T. J. L. Mccomb
,
J. Méhault
(5)
,
U. Menzler
,
M. Meyer
,
R. Moderski
,
M. Mohamed
,
Emmanuel Moulin
,
T. Murach
,
C. L. Naumann
(3)
,
M. de Naurois
(2)
,
J. Niemiec
,
S. J. Nolan
,
L. Oakes
,
S. Ohm
,
E. de Onña Wilhelmi
,
B. Opitz
,
M. Ostrowski
,
I. Oya
,
M. Panter
,
R. D. Parsons
,
M. Paz Arribas
,
N. W. Pekeur
,
G. Pelletier
,
J. Perez
,
P. -O. Petrucci
,
B. Peyaud
,
S. Pita
(7)
,
H. Poon
(8)
,
G. Pühlhofer
,
M. Punch
(7)
,
A. Quirrenbach
,
S. Raab
,
M. Raue
,
A. Reimer
,
O. Reimer
,
Matthieu Renaud
(8)
,
R. de Los Reyes
,
F. Rieger
,
L. Rob
,
C. Romoli
,
S. Rosier-Lees
(9)
,
G. Rowell
,
B. Rudak
,
C. B. Rulten
(1)
,
V. Sahakian
,
D. A. Sanchez
(9)
,
A. Santangelo
,
R. Schlickeiser
,
F. Schüssler
,
A. Schulz
,
U. Schwanke
,
S. Schwarzburg
,
S. Schwemmer
,
H. Sol
(1)
,
G. Spengler
,
F. Spies
,
Ł. Stawarz
,
R. Steenkamp
,
C. Stegmann
,
F. Stinzing
,
K. Stycz
,
I. Sushch
,
A. Szostek
,
J. -P. Tavernet
(3)
,
T. Tavernier
(7)
,
A. M. Taylor
,
R. Terrier
(7)
,
M. Tluczykont
,
C. Trichard
(9)
,
K. Valerius
,
C. van Eldik
,
George Vasileiadis
(8)
,
C. Venter
,
A. Viana
,
P. Vincent
(3)
,
H. J. Völk
,
F. Volpe
,
M. Vorster
,
S. J. Wagner
,
P. Wagner
,
M. Ward
,
M. Weidinger
,
Q. Weitzel
,
R. White
,
A. Wierzcholska
,
P. Willmann
,
A. Wörnlein
,
D. Wouters
,
M. Zacharias
,
A. A. Zdziarski
,
A. Zech
(1)
,
H. -S. Zechlin
1
LUTH (UMR_8102) -
Laboratoire Univers et Théories
2 LLR - Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet
3 LPNHE - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies
4 IRFU - Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
5 ASTRO - Astroparticules
6 APC - AHE - APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies
7 APC (UMR_7164) - AstroParticule et Cosmologie
8 LUPM - Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
9 LAPP - Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules
2 LLR - Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet
3 LPNHE - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies
4 IRFU - Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
5 ASTRO - Astroparticules
6 APC - AHE - APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies
7 APC (UMR_7164) - AstroParticule et Cosmologie
8 LUPM - Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
9 LAPP - Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules
E. Aliu
- Function : Author
S. Archambault
- Function : Author
T. Aune
- Function : Author
B. Behera
- Function : Author
M. Beilicke
- Function : Author
W. Benbow
- Function : Author
K. Berger
- Function : Author
R. Bird
- Function : Author
A. Bouvier
- Function : Author
J. H. Buckley
- Function : Author
V. Bugaev
- Function : Author
K. Byrum
- Function : Author
M. Cerruti
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 763111
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7891-699X
- IdRef : 169860604
X. Chen
- Function : Author
L. Ciupik
- Function : Author
M. P. Connolly
- Function : Author
W. Cui
- Function : Author
C. Duke
- Function : Author
J. Dumm
- Function : Author
M. Errando
- Function : Author
A. Falcone
- Function : Author
S. Federici
- Function : Author
Q. Feng
- Function : Author
J. P. Finley
- Function : Author
L. Fortson
- Function : Author
A. Furniss
- Function : Author
N. Galante
- Function : Author
G. H. Gillanders
- Function : Author
S. Griffin
- Function : Author
S. T. Griffiths
- Function : Author
J. Grube
- Function : Author
G. Gyuk
- Function : Author
D. Hanna
- Function : Author
J. Holder
- Function : Author
G. Hughes
- Function : Author
T. B. Humensky
- Function : Author
P. Kaaret
- Function : Author
M. Kertzman
- Function : Author
Y. Khassen
- Function : Author
D. Kieda
- Function : Author
H. Krawczynski
- Function : Author
F. Krennrich
- Function : Author
M. J. Lang
- Function : Author
A. S Madhavan
- Function : Author
G. Maier
- Function : Author
P. Majumdar
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 760174
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5481-5040
A. Mccann
- Function : Author
P. Moriarty
- Function : Author
R. Mukherjee
- Function : Author
D. Nieto
- Function : Author
A. O'Faoláin de Bhróithe
- Function : Author
R. A. Ong
- Function : Author
A. N. Otte
- Function : Author
N. Park
- Function : Author
J. S. Perkins
- Function : Author
M. Pohl
- Function : Author
A. Popkow
- Function : Author
H. Prokoph
- Function : Author
J. Quinn
- Function : Author
K. Ragan
- Function : Author
J. Rajotte
- Function : Author
L. C. Reyes
- Function : Author
P. T. Reynolds
- Function : Author
G. T. Richards
- Function : Author
E. Roache
- Function : Author
J. Rousselle
- Function : Author
G. H. Sembroski
- Function : Author
F. Sheidaei
- Function : Author
C. Skole
- Function : Author
A. W. Smith
- Function : Author
D. Staszak
- Function : Author
M. Stroh
- Function : Author
I. Telezhinsky
- Function : Author
M. Theiling
- Function : Author
J. V. Tucci
- Function : Author
J. Tyler
- Function : Author
A. Varlotta
- Function : Author
Serge Vincent
- Function : Author
S. P. Wakely
- Function : Author
A. Weinstein
- Function : Author
R. Welsing
- Function : Author
D. A. Williams
- Function : Author
A. Zajczyk
- Function : Author
B. Zitzer
- Function : Author
A. Abramowski
- Function : Author
F. Aharonian
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 755280
- ORCID : 0000-0003-1157-3915
F. Ait Benkhali
- Function : Author
A. G. Akhperjanian
- Function : Author
E. Angüner
- Function : Author
G. Anton
- Function : Author
S. Balenderan
- Function : Author
Agnès Balzer
- Function : Author
A. Barnacka
- Function : Author
Y. Becherini
- Function : Author
J. Becker Tjus
- Function : Author
K. Bernlöhr
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 755488
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E. Birsin
- Function : Author
E. Bissaldi
- Function : Author
M. Böttcher
- Function : Author
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C. Boisson
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 755462
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P. Bordas
- Function : Author
J. Brucker
- Function : Author
F. Brun
- Function : Author
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P. Brun
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 755661
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T. Bulik
- Function : Author
S. Carrigan
- Function : Author
S. Casanova
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 755452
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P. M. Chadwick
- Function : Author
R. C. G. Chaves
- Function : Author
A. Cheesebrough
- Function : Author
S. Colafrancesco
- Function : Author
G. Cologna
- Function : Author
J. Conrad
- Function : Author
M. K. Daniel
- Function : Author
I. D. Davids
- Function : Author
C. Deil
- Function : Author
P. Dewilt
- Function : Author
H. J. Dickinson
- Function : Author
W. Domainko
- Function : Author
L. O'C. Drury
- Function : Author
G. Dubus
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 746648
- IdHAL : guillaume-dubus
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K. Dutson
- Function : Author
J. Dyks
- Function : Author
M. Dyrda
- Function : Author
T. Edwards
- Function : Author
K. Egberts
- Function : Author
P. Eger
- Function : Author
C. Farnier
- Function : Author
S. Fegan
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 740343
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M. V. Fernandes
- Function : Author
A. Fiasson
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 739488
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A. Forster
- Function : Author
M. Füssling
- Function : Author
M. Gajdus
- Function : Author
G. Giavitto
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 761963
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J. F. Glicenstein
- Function : Author
M. -H. Grondin
- Function : Author
M. Grudzińska
- Function : Author
S. Häffner
- Function : Author
J. Hahn
- Function : Author
J. Harris
- Function : Author
G. Heinzelmann
- Function : Author
G. Henri
- Function : Author
G. Hermann
- Function : Author
A. Hillert
- Function : Author
J. A. Hinton
- Function : Author
W. Hofmann
- Function : Author
P. Hofverberg
- Function : Author
M. Holler
- Function : Author
D. Horns
- Function : Author
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C. Jahn
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M. Jamrozy
- Function : Author
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M. Janiak
- Function : Author
F. Jankowsky
- Function : Author
I. Jung
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 755283
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M. A. Kastendieck
- Function : Author
K. Katarzyński
- Function : Author
U. Katz
- Function : Author
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S. Kaufmann
- Function : Author
B. Khélifi
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 1145299
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S. Klepser
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 764119
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D. Klochkov
- Function : Author
W. Kluźniak
- Function : Author
T. Kneiske
- Function : Author
D. Kolitzus
- Function : Author
Nu. Komin
- Function : Author
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K. Kosack
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 756389
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S. Krakau
- Function : Author
P. P. Krüger
- Function : Author
J. -P. Lenain
- Function : Author
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D. Lennarz
- Function : Author
T. Lohse
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 755171
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A. Lopatin
- Function : Author
C. -C. Lu
- Function : Author
V. Marandon
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 759912
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Alexandre Marcowith
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 174341
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R. Marx
- Function : Author
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N. Maxted
- Function : Author
M. Mayer
- Function : Author
T. J. L. Mccomb
- Function : Author
U. Menzler
- Function : Author
M. Meyer
- Function : Author
R. Moderski
- Function : Author
M. Mohamed
- Function : Author
Emmanuel Moulin
- Function : Author
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T. Murach
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M. de Naurois
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J. Niemiec
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S. J. Nolan
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L. Oakes
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S. Ohm
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E. de Onña Wilhelmi
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B. Opitz
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M. Ostrowski
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I. Oya
- Function : Author
M. Panter
- Function : Author
R. D. Parsons
- Function : Author
M. Paz Arribas
- Function : Author
N. W. Pekeur
- Function : Author
G. Pelletier
- Function : Author
J. Perez
- Function : Author
P. -O. Petrucci
- Function : Author
B. Peyaud
- Function : Author
G. Pühlhofer
- Function : Author
M. Punch
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 742769
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A. Quirrenbach
- Function : Author
S. Raab
- Function : Author
M. Raue
- Function : Author
A. Reimer
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 755465
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O. Reimer
- Function : Author
Matthieu Renaud
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 172996
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R. de Los Reyes
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F. Rieger
- Function : Author
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L. Rob
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C. Romoli
- Function : Author
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G. Rowell
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B. Rudak
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V. Sahakian
- Function : Author
A. Santangelo
- Function : Author
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R. Schlickeiser
- Function : Author
F. Schüssler
- Function : Author
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A. Schulz
- Function : Author
U. Schwanke
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 755454
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S. Schwarzburg
- Function : Author
S. Schwemmer
- Function : Author
G. Spengler
- Function : Author
F. Spies
- Function : Author
Ł. Stawarz
- Function : Author
R. Steenkamp
- Function : Author
C. Stegmann
- Function : Author
F. Stinzing
- Function : Author
K. Stycz
- Function : Author
I. Sushch
- Function : Author
A. Szostek
- Function : Author
A. M. Taylor
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M. Tluczykont
- Function : Author
K. Valerius
- Function : Author
C. van Eldik
- Function : Author
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George Vasileiadis
- Function : Author
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C. Venter
- Function : Author
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A. Viana
- Function : Author
H. J. Völk
- Function : Author
F. Volpe
- Function : Author
M. Vorster
- Function : Author
S. J. Wagner
- Function : Author
P. Wagner
- Function : Author
M. Ward
- Function : Author
M. Weidinger
- Function : Author
Q. Weitzel
- Function : Author
R. White
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A. Wierzcholska
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 763769
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P. Willmann
- Function : Author
A. Wörnlein
- Function : Author
D. Wouters
- Function : Author
M. Zacharias
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 756094
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5801-3945
A. A. Zdziarski
- Function : Author
A. Zech
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 757468
- ORCID : 0000-0002-4388-5625
H. -S. Zechlin
- Function : Author
Abstract
HESS J0632+057 is the only gamma-ray binary known so far whose position in the sky allows observations with ground-based observatories both in the northern and southern hemispheres. Here we report on long-term observations of HESS J0632+057 conducted with the VERITAS and H.E.S.S. Cherenkov Telescopes and the X-ray Satellite Swift, spanning a time range from 2004 to 2012 and covering most of the system's orbit. The VHE emission is found to be variable, and is correlated with that at X-ray energies. An orbital period of $315 ^{+6}_{-4}$ days is derived from the X-ray data set, which is compatible with previous results, $P = (321 \pm 5$) days. The VHE light curve shows a distinct maximum at orbital phases close to 0.3, or about 100 days after periastron passage, which coincides with the periodic enhancement of the X-ray emission. Furthermore, the analysis of the TeV data shows for the first time a statistically significant ($> 6.5 \sigma$) detection at orbital phases 0.6--0.9. The obtained gamma-ray and X-ray light curves and the correlation of the source emission at these two energy bands are discussed in the context of the recent ephemeris obtained for the system. Our results are compared to those reported for other gamma-ray binaries.