Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with the positions of nearby active galactic nuclei

J. Abraham; P. Abreu; M. Aglietta; C. Aguirre; D. Allard; I. Allekotte; J. Allen; P. Allison; C. Alvarez; J. Alvarez-Muniz; M. Ambrosio; L. Anchordoqui; S. Andringa; A. Anzalone; C. Aramo; S. Argiro; K. Arisaka; E. Armengaud; F. Arneodo; F. Arqueros; T. Asch; H. Asorey; P. Assis; B.S. Atulugama; J. Aublin; M. Ave; G. Avila; T. Bäcker; D. Badagnani; A.F. Barbosa; D. Barnhill; S.L.C. Barroso; P. Bauleo; J. Beatty; T. Beau; B.R. Becker; K.H. Becker; J.A. Bellido; S. Benzvi; C. Bérat; T. Bergmann; P. Bernardini; X. Bertou; P.L. Biermann; P. Billoir; O. Blanch-Bigas; F. Blanco; P. Blasi; C. Bleve; H. Blümer; M. Bohacova; C. Bonifazi; R. Bonino; M. Boratav; J. Brack; P. Brogueira; W.C. Brown; P. Buchholz; A. Bueno; R.E. Burton; N.G. Busca; K.S. Caballero-Mora; B. Cai; D.V. Camin; L. Caramete; R. Caruso; W. Carvalho; A. Castellina; O. Catalano; G. Cataldi; L. Cazon-Boado; R. Cester; J. Chauvin; A. Chiavassa; J.A. Chinellato; A. Chou; J. Chye; P.D.J. Clark; R.W. Clay; E. Colombo; R. Conceiçao; B. Connolly; F. Contreras; J. Coppens; A. Cordier; U. Cotti; S. Coutu; C.E. Covault; A. Creusot; J. Cronin; A. Curutiu; S. Dagoret-Campagne; K. Daumiller; B.R. Dawson; R.M. de Almeida; C. de Donato; S.J. de Jong; G. de La Vega; W.J.M. de Mello Junior; J.R.T. de Mello Neto; I. de Mitri; V. de Souza; L. del Peral; O. Deligny; A. Della Selva; C. Delle Fratte; H. Dembinski; C. Di Giulio; J.C. Diaz; C. Dobrigkeit; J.C. d'Olivo; D. Dornic; A. Dorofeev; J.C. dos Anjos; M.T. Dova; D. d'Urso; I. Dutan; M.A. Duvernois; R. Engel; L. Epele; M. Erdmann; C.O. Escobar; A. Etchegoyen; P. Facal San Luis; H. Falcke; G. Farrar; A.C. Fauth; N. Fazzini; Arnaud Fernandez; F. Ferrer; S. Ferry; B. Fick; A. Filevich; A. Filipcic; I. Fleck; R. Fonte; C.E. Fracchiolla; W. Fulgione; B. Garc&#305a; D. Garc&#305a Gamez; D. Garcia-Pinto; X. Garrido; H. Geenen; G. Gelmini; H. Gemmeke; P.L. Ghia; M. Giller; H. Glass; M.S. Gold; G. Golup; F. Gomez Albarracin; M. Gomez; R. Gomez Herrero; Paulo Gonçalves; M. Gonçalves Do Amaral; D. Gonzalez; J.G. Gonzalez; M. Gonzalez; D. Gora; A. Gorgi; P. Gouffon; V. Grassi; A.F. Grillo; C. Grunfeld; Y. Guardincerri; F. Guarino; G.P. Guedes; J. Gutiérrez; J.D. Hague; J.-C. Hamilton; P. Hansen; D. Harari; S. Harmsma; J.L. Harton; A. Haungs; T. Hauschildt; M.D. Healy; T. Hebbeker; D. Heck; C. Hojvat; V.C. Holmes; P. Homola; J. Hörandel; A. Horneffer; M. Horvat; M. Hrabovsky; T. Huege; M. Iarlori; A. Insolia; F. Ionita; A. Italiano; M. Kaducak; K.H. Kampert; T. Karova; Balázs Kégl; B. Keilhauer; E. Kemp; R.M. Kieckhafer; H.O. Klages; M. Kleifges; J. Kleinfeller; R. Knapik; J. Knapp; D.H. Koang; A. Kopmann; A. Krieger; O. Krömer; D. Kümpel; N. Kunka; A. Kusenko; G. La Rosa; C. Lachaud; B.L. Lago; D. Lebrun; P. Lebrun; J. R. Lee; M.A. Leigui; De Oliveira; A. Letessier-Selvon; M. Leuthold; I. Lhenry-Yvon; R. Lopez; A. Lopez; J. Lozano Bahilo; M.C. Maccarone; C. Macolino; S. Maldera; M. Malek; G. Mancarella; M.E. Mancenido; D. Mandat; P. Mantsch; A.G. Mariazzi; I.C. Maris; D. Martello; J. Mart&#305nez; O. Mart&#305nez Bravo; H.J. Mathes; J. Matthews; J.A.J. Matthews; G. Matthiae; D. Maurizio; P.O. Mazur; T. Mccauley; M. Mcewen; R.R. Mcneil; M.C. Medina; G. Medina-Tanco; A. Meli; D. Melo; E. Menichetti; A. Menschikov; Chr. Meurer; R. Meyhandan; M.I. Micheletti; G. Miele; W. Miller; S. Mollerach; M. Monasor; D. Monnier Ragaigne; F. Montanet; B. Morales; C. Morello; E. Moreno; J.C. Moreno; C. Morris; M. Mostafa; M.A. Muller; R. Mussa; G. Navarra; J.L. Navarro; S. Navas; P. Necesal; L. Nellen; C. Newman-Holmes; D. Newton; T. Nguyen Thi; N. Nierstenhöfer; D. Nitz; D. Nosek; L. Nozka; J. Oehlschläger; T. Ohnuki; A. Olinto; V.M. Olmos-Gilbaja; M. Ortiz; S. Ostapchenko; L. Otero; D. Pakk Selmi-Dei; M. Palatka; J. Pallotta; G. Parente; E. Parizot; S. Parlati; S. Pastor; M. Patel; T. Paul; V. Pavlidou; K. Payet; M. Pech; J. Pekala; R. Pelayo; I.M. Pepe; L. Perrone; S. Petrera; P. Petrinca; Y. Petrov; Diep Pham Ngoc; Dong Pham Ngoc; T.N. Pham Thi; A. Pichel; R. Piegaia; T. Pierog; M. Pimenta; T. Pinto; V. Pirronello; O. Pisanti; M. Platino; J. Pochon; T.A. Porter; P. Privitera; M. Prouza; E.J. Quel; J. Rautenberg; S. Reucroft; Benoît Revenu; F.A.S. Rezende; J. R&#305dky; S. Riggi; M. Risse; C. Rivière; V. Rizi; M. Roberts; C. Robledo; G. Rodriguez; D. Rodr&#305guez Fr&#305as; J. Rodriguez Martino; J. Rodriguez; I. Rodriguez-Cabo; G. Ros; J. Rosado; M. Roth; B. Rouillé-d'Orfeuil; E. Roulet; A.C. Rovero; F. Salamida; H. Salazar; G. Salina; F. Sanchez; M. Santander; C.E. Santo; E.M. Santos; F. Sarazin; S. Sarkar; R. Sato; V. Scherini; H. Schieler; F. Schmidt; T. Schmidt; O. Scholten; P. Schovanek; F. Schüssler; S.J. Sciutto; M. Scuderi; A. Segreto; D.V. Semikoz; M. Settimo; R.C. Shellard; I. Sidelnik; B.B. Siffert; G. Sigl; N. Smetniansky de Grande; A. Smia&#322kowski; R. Sm&#305da; A.G.K. Smith; B.E. Smith; G.R. Snow; P. Sokolsky; P. Sommers; J. Sorokin; H. Spinka; R. Squartini; E. Strazzeri; A. Stutz; F. Suarez; T. Suomijärvi; A.D. Supanitsky; M.S. Sutherland; J. Swain; Z. Szadkowski; J. Takahashi; A. Tamashiro; A. Tamburro; O. Tascau; R. Tcaciuc; D. Thomas; R. Ticona; J. Tiffenberg; C. Timmermans; W. Tkaczyk; C.J. Todero Peixoto; B. Tomé; A. Tonachini D. Torresi; P. Travnicek; A. Tripathi; G. Tristram; D. Tscherniakhovski; M. Tueros; V. Tunnicliffe; R. Ulrich; M. Unger; Martin Urban; J.F. Valdés Galicia; I. Valino; L. Valore; A.M. van den Berg; V. van Elewyck; R.A. Vazquez; D. Veberic; A. Veiga; A. Velarde; T. Venters; V. Verzi; M. Videla; L. Villasenor; S. Vorobiov; L. Voyvodic; O. Wainberg; P. Walker; D. Warner; A.A. Watson; S. Westerhoff; G. Wieczorek; L. Wiencke; B. Wilczynska; H. Wilczynski; C. Wileman; M.G. Winnick; H. Wu; B. Wundheiler; J. Xu; T. Yamamoto; P. Younk; E. Zas; D. Zavrtanik; M. Zavrtanik; A. Zech; A. Zepeda; M. Ziolkowski

doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2008.01.002

Journal articles

Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with the positions of nearby active galactic nuclei

J. Abraham P. Abreu M. Aglietta C. Aguirre D. Allard ¹ I. Allekotte J. Allen P. Allison C. Alvarez J. Alvarez-Muniz M. Ambrosio L. Anchordoqui S. Andringa A. Anzalone C. Aramo S. Argiro K. Arisaka E. Armengaud ² F. Arneodo F. Arqueros T. Asch H. Asorey P. Assis B.S. Atulugama J. Aublin ³ M. Ave G. Avila T. Bäcker D. Badagnani A.F. Barbosa D. Barnhill S.L.C. Barroso P. Bauleo J. Beatty T. Beau ² B.R. Becker K.H. Becker J.A. Bellido S. Benzvi C. Bérat ⁴ T. Bergmann P. Bernardini X. Bertou P.L. Biermann P. Billoir ³ O. Blanch-Bigas ³ F. Blanco P. Blasi C. Bleve H. Blümer M. Bohacova C. Bonifazi ³ R. Bonino M. Boratav ³ J. Brack P. Brogueira W.C. Brown P. Buchholz A. Bueno R.E. Burton N.G. Busca ⁵ K.S. Caballero-Mora B. Cai D.V. Camin L. Caramete R. Caruso W. Carvalho A. Castellina O. Catalano G. Cataldi L. Cazon-Boado R. Cester J. Chauvin ⁴ A. Chiavassa J.A. Chinellato A. Chou J. Chye P.D.J. Clark R.W. Clay E. Colombo R. Conceiçao B. Connolly F. Contreras J. Coppens A. Cordier ⁶ U. Cotti S. Coutu C.E. Covault A. Creusot J. Cronin A. Curutiu S. Dagoret-Campagne ⁶ K. Daumiller B.R. Dawson R.M. de Almeida C. de Donato S.J. de Jong G. de La Vega W.J.M. de Mello Junior J.R.T. de Mello Neto I. de Mitri V. de Souza L. del Peral O. Deligny ⁷ A. Della Selva C. Delle Fratte H. Dembinski C. Di Giulio J.C. Diaz C. Dobrigkeit J.C. d'Olivo D. Dornic ⁷ A. Dorofeev J.C. dos Anjos M.T. Dova D. d'Urso I. Dutan M.A. Duvernois R. Engel L. Epele M. Erdmann C.O. Escobar A. Etchegoyen P. Facal San Luis H. Falcke G. Farrar A.C. Fauth N. Fazzini Arnaud Fernandez F. Ferrer S. Ferry B. Fick A. Filevich A. Filipcic I. Fleck R. Fonte C.E. Fracchiolla W. Fulgione B. Garcıa D. Garcıa Gamez D. Garcia-Pinto X. Garrido ⁶ H. Geenen G. Gelmini H. Gemmeke P.L. Ghia M. Giller H. Glass M.S. Gold G. Golup F. Gomez Albarracin M. Gomez R. Gomez Herrero Paulo Gonçalves M. Gonçalves Do Amaral D. Gonzalez J.G. Gonzalez M. Gonzalez D. Gora A. Gorgi P. Gouffon V. Grassi A.F. Grillo C. Grunfeld Y. Guardincerri F. Guarino G.P. Guedes J. Gutiérrez J.D. Hague J.-C. Hamilton ⁵ P. Hansen D. Harari S. Harmsma J.L. Harton A. Haungs T. Hauschildt M.D. Healy T. Hebbeker D. Heck C. Hojvat V.C. Holmes P. Homola J. Hörandel A. Horneffer M. Horvat M. Hrabovsky T. Huege M. Iarlori A. Insolia F. Ionita A. Italiano M. Kaducak K.H. Kampert T. Karova Balázs Kégl ⁶ B. Keilhauer E. Kemp R.M. Kieckhafer H.O. Klages M. Kleifges J. Kleinfeller R. Knapik J. Knapp D.H. Koang ⁴ A. Kopmann A. Krieger O. Krömer D. Kümpel N. Kunka A. Kusenko G. La Rosa C. Lachaud ² B.L. Lago D. Lebrun ⁴ P. Lebrun J. R. Lee M.A. Leigui De Oliveira A. Letessier-Selvon ³ M. Leuthold I. Lhenry-Yvon ⁷ R. Lopez A. Lopez J. Lozano Bahilo M.C. Maccarone C. Macolino S. Maldera M. Malek G. Mancarella M.E. Mancenido D. Mandat P. Mantsch A.G. Mariazzi I.C. Maris D. Martello J. Martınez O. Martınez Bravo H.J. Mathes J. Matthews J.A.J. Matthews G. Matthiae D. Maurizio P.O. Mazur T. Mccauley M. Mcewen R.R. Mcneil M.C. Medina G. Medina-Tanco A. Meli D. Melo E. Menichetti A. Menschikov Chr. Meurer R. Meyhandan M.I. Micheletti G. Miele W. Miller S. Mollerach M. Monasor D. Monnier Ragaigne ⁶ F. Montanet ⁴ B. Morales C. Morello E. Moreno J.C. Moreno C. Morris M. Mostafa M.A. Muller R. Mussa G. Navarra J.L. Navarro S. Navas P. Necesal L. Nellen C. Newman-Holmes D. Newton T. Nguyen Thi N. Nierstenhöfer D. Nitz D. Nosek L. Nozka J. Oehlschläger T. Ohnuki A. Olinto ² V.M. Olmos-Gilbaja M. Ortiz S. Ostapchenko L. Otero D. Pakk Selmi-Dei M. Palatka J. Pallotta G. Parente E. Parizot ² S. Parlati S. Pastor M. Patel T. Paul V. Pavlidou K. Payet ⁴ M. Pech J. Pekala R. Pelayo I.M. Pepe L. Perrone S. Petrera P. Petrinca Y. Petrov Diep Pham Ngoc Dong Pham Ngoc T.N. Pham Thi A. Pichel R. Piegaia T. Pierog M. Pimenta T. Pinto V. Pirronello O. Pisanti M. Platino J. Pochon T.A. Porter P. Privitera M. Prouza E.J. Quel J. Rautenberg S. Reucroft Benoît Revenu ² F.A.S. Rezende J. Rıdky S. Riggi M. Risse C. Rivière ⁴ V. Rizi M. Roberts C. Robledo G. Rodriguez D. Rodrıguez Frıas J. Rodriguez Martino J. Rodriguez I. Rodriguez-Cabo G. Ros J. Rosado M. Roth B. Rouillé-d'Orfeuil ² E. Roulet A.C. Rovero F. Salamida H. Salazar G. Salina F. Sanchez M. Santander C.E. Santo E.M. Santos ³ F. Sarazin S. Sarkar R. Sato V. Scherini H. Schieler F. Schmidt T. Schmidt O. Scholten P. Schovanek F. Schüssler S.J. Sciutto M. Scuderi A. Segreto D.V. Semikoz ⁸ M. Settimo R.C. Shellard I. Sidelnik B.B. Siffert G. Sigl ² N. Smetniansky de Grande A. Smiałkowski R. Smıda A.G.K. Smith B.E. Smith G.R. Snow P. Sokolsky P. Sommers J. Sorokin H. Spinka R. Squartini E. Strazzeri A. Stutz ⁴ F. Suarez T. Suomijärvi ⁷ A.D. Supanitsky M.S. Sutherland J. Swain Z. Szadkowski J. Takahashi A. Tamashiro A. Tamburro O. Tascau R. Tcaciuc D. Thomas R. Ticona J. Tiffenberg C. Timmermans W. Tkaczyk C.J. Todero Peixoto B. Tomé A. Tonachini D. Torresi P. Travnicek A. Tripathi G. Tristram ² D. Tscherniakhovski M. Tueros V. Tunnicliffe R. Ulrich M. Unger Martin Urban ⁶ J.F. Valdés Galicia I. Valino L. Valore A.M. van den Berg V. van Elewyck ⁷ R.A. Vazquez D. Veberic A. Veiga A. Velarde T. Venters ² V. Verzi M. Videla L. Villasenor S. Vorobiov L. Voyvodic O. Wainberg P. Walker D. Warner A.A. Watson S. Westerhoff G. Wieczorek L. Wiencke B. Wilczynska H. Wilczynski C. Wileman M.G. Winnick H. Wu B. Wundheiler J. Xu T. Yamamoto P. Younk E. Zas D. Zavrtanik M. Zavrtanik A. Zech ³ A. Zepeda M. Ziolkowski

1 APC - AHE - APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies

APC (UMR_7164) - AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna

2 APC (UMR_7164) - AstroParticule et Cosmologie

3 LPNHE - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies

4 LPSC - Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie

5 APC - Cosmologie

APC (UMR_7164) - AstroParticule et Cosmologie

6 LAL - Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire

7 IPNO - Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay

8 APC - THEORIE

APC (UMR_7164) - AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Institut für theoretische Physik

Abstract : Data collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory provide evidence for anisotropy in the arrival directions of the cosmic rays with the highest-energies, which are correlated with the positions of relatively nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN) [Pierre Auger Collaboration, Science 318 (2007) 938]. The correlation has maximum significance for cosmic rays with energy greater than ∼6 × 10^19 eV and AGN at a distance less than ∼75 Mpc. We have confirmed the anisotropy at a confidence level of more than 99% through a test with parameters specified a priori, using an independent data set. The observed correlation is compatible with the hypothesis that cosmic rays with the highest-energies originate from extra-galactic sources close enough so that their flux is not significantly attenuated by interaction with the cosmic background radiation (the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuz'min effect). The angular scale of the correlation observed is a few degrees, which suggests a predominantly light composition unless the magnetic fields are very weak outside the thin disk of our galaxy. Our present data do not identify AGN as the sources of cosmic rays unambiguously, and other candidate sources which are distributed as nearby AGN are not ruled out. We discuss the prospect of unequivocal identification of individual sources of the highest-energy cosmic rays within a few years of continued operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory.

Document type :

Journal articles

Domain :

Physics [physics] / Astrophysics [astro-ph] / Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]

Sciences of the Universe [physics] / Astrophysics [astro-ph] / Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]

Sciences of the Universe [physics] / Astrophysics [astro-ph]

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Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with the positions of nearby active galactic nuclei

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Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with the positions of nearby active galactic nuclei

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