Discovery of very high energy gamma-ray emission coincident with molecular clouds in the W28 (G6.4-0.1) field

F. Aharonian; A.G. Akhperjanian; A.R. Bazer-Bachi; B. Behera; M. Beilicke; W. Benbow; D. Berge; K. Bernlöhr; C. Boisson; O. Bolz; V. Borrel; I. Braun; E. Brion; A.M. Brown; R. Bühler; T. Bulik; I. Büsching; T. Boutelier; S. Carrigan; P.M. Chadwic; L.-M. Chounet; A.C. Clapson; G. Coignet; R. Cornils; L. Costamante; B. Degrange; H.J. Dickinson; A. Djannati-Ataï; W. Domainko; L.O'C. Drury; G. Dubus; J. Dyks; K. Egberts; D. Emmanoulopoulos; P. Espigat; C. Farnier; F. Feinstein; A. Fiasson; A. F¨orster; G. Fontaine; Y. Fukui; Seb. Funk; S. Funk; M. Füssling; Y.A. Gallant; B. Giebels; J.F. Glicenstein; B. Glück; P. Goret; C. Hadjichristidis; D. Hauser; M. Hauser; G. Heinzelmann; G. Henri; G. Hermann; J.A. Hinton; A. Hoffmann; W. Hofmann; M. Holleran; S. Hoppe; D. Horns; A. Jacholkowska; O.C. de Jager; E. Kendziorra; M. Kerschhagg; B. Khélifi; Nu. Komin; K. Kosack; G. Lamanna; I.J. Latham; R. Le Gallou; A. Lemière; M. Lemoine-Goumard; J.-P. Lenain; T. Lohse; J.M. Martin; O. Martineau-Huynh; A. Marcowith; C. Masterson; G. Maurin; T.J.L. Mccomb; R. Moderski; Y. Moriguchi; Emmanuel Moulin; M. de Naurois; D. Nedbal; S.J. Nolan; J.-P. Olive; K.J. Orford; J.L. Osborne; M. Ostrowski; M. Panter; G. Pedaletti; G. Pelletier; P.-O. Petrucci; S. Pita; G. P¨uhlhofer; M. Punch; S. Ranchon; B.C. Raubenheimer; M. Raue; S.M. Rayner; O. Reimer; M. Renaud; J. Ripken; L. Rob; L. Rolland; S. Rosier-Lees; G. Rowell; B. Rudak; J. Ruppel; V. Sahakian; A. Santangelo; L. Saugé; S. Schlenker; R. Schlickeiser; R. Schroder; U. Schwanke; S. Schwarzburg; S. Schwemmer; A. Shalchi; H. Sol; D. Spangler; &#321. Stawarz; R. Steenkamp; C. Stegmann; G. Superina; T. Takeuchi; P.H. Tam; J.-P. Tavernet; R. Terrier; C. van Eldik; G. Vasileiadis; C. Venter; J.P. Vialle; P. Vincent; M. Vivier; H.J. Volk; F. Volpe; S.J. Wagner; M. Ward

doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20077765

Journal Articles Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A Year : 2008

Discovery of very high energy gamma-ray emission coincident with molecular clouds in the W28 (G6.4-0.1) field

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F. Aharonian

Function : Author
PersonId : 755280
ORCID : 0000-0003-1157-3915

A.G. Akhperjanian

Function : Author

A.R. Bazer-Bachi

Function : Author

Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements

B. Behera

Function : Author

M. Beilicke

Function : Author

W. Benbow

Function : Author

D. Berge

Function : Author
PersonId : 755461
ORCID : 0000-0002-2918-1824

K. Bernlöhr

Function : Author
PersonId : 755488
ORCID : 0000-0001-8065-3252

C. Boisson

Function : Author
PersonId : 755462
ORCID : 0000-0001-5893-1797

Laboratoire Univers et Théories

O. Bolz

Function : Author

V. Borrel

Function : Author

Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements

I. Braun

Function : Author

E. Brion

Function : Author

Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée

A.M. Brown

Function : Author

R. Bühler

Function : Author

T. Bulik

Function : Author

I. Büsching

Function : Author

T. Boutelier

Function : Author

Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble

S. Carrigan

Function : Author

P.M. Chadwic

Function : Author

L.-M. Chounet

Function : Author

Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet

A.C. Clapson

Function : Author

G. Coignet

Function : Author

Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules

R. Cornils

Function : Author

L. Costamante

Function : Author

B. Degrange

Function : Author

Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet

H.J. Dickinson

Function : Author

A. Djannati-Ataï

Function : Author

APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies

W. Domainko

Function : Author

L.O'C. Drury

Function : Author

G. Dubus

Function : Author
PersonId : 746648
IdHAL : guillaume-dubus
ORCID : 0000-0002-5130-2514
IdRef : 164946438

Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet

J. Dyks

Function : Author

K. Egberts

Function : Author

D. Emmanoulopoulos

Function : Author

P. Espigat

Function : Author

AstroParticule et Cosmologie

C. Farnier

Function : Author

Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules

F. Feinstein

Function : Author

Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules

A. Fiasson

Function : Author
PersonId : 739488
IdHAL : armand-fiasson
IdRef : 253127467

Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules

A. F¨orster

Function : Author

G. Fontaine

Function : Author

Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet

Y. Fukui

Function : Author

Seb. Funk

Function : Author

S. Funk

Function : Author

M. Füssling

Function : Author

Y.A. Gallant

Function : Author

Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules

B. Giebels

Function : Author

Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet

J.F. Glicenstein

Function : Author

Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée

B. Glück

Function : Author

P. Goret

Function : Author

Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée

C. Hadjichristidis

Function : Author

D. Hauser

Function : Author

M. Hauser

Function : Author

G. Heinzelmann

Function : Author

G. Henri

Function : Author

Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble

G. Hermann

Function : Author

J.A. Hinton

Function : Author

A. Hoffmann

Function : Author

W. Hofmann

Function : Author

M. Holleran

Function : Author

S. Hoppe

Function : Author

D. Horns

Function : Author
PersonId : 755282
ORCID : 0000-0003-1945-0119

A. Jacholkowska

Function : Author

Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules

O.C. de Jager

Function : Author

E. Kendziorra

Function : Author

M. Kerschhagg

Function : Author

B. Khélifi

Function : Author
PersonId : 1145299
IdHAL : bruno-khelifi

Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet

Nu. Komin

Function : Author
PersonId : 755464
ORCID : 0000-0003-3280-0582

Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules

K. Kosack

Function : Author
PersonId : 756389
ORCID : 0000-0001-8424-3621
IdRef : 26272118X

G. Lamanna

Function : Author

Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules

I.J. Latham

Function : Author

R. Le Gallou

Function : Author

A. Lemière

Function : Author

AstroParticule et Cosmologie

M. Lemoine-Goumard

Function : Author
PersonId : 755595
ORCID : 0000-0002-4462-3686

Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet

J.-P. Lenain

Function : Author
PersonId : 738386
IdHAL : jlenain
ORCID : 0000-0001-7284-9220
IdRef : 14595921X

Laboratoire Univers et Théories

T. Lohse

Function : Author
PersonId : 755171
ORCID : 0000-0002-9751-7633

J.M. Martin

Function : Author

Laboratoire Univers et Théories

O. Martineau-Huynh

Function : Author

Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies

A. Marcowith

Function : Author
PersonId : 174341
IdHAL : alexandre-marcowith
ORCID : 0000-0002-3971-0910
IdRef : 114473609

Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules

C. Masterson

Function : Author

G. Maurin

Function : Author

AstroParticule et Cosmologie

T.J.L. Mccomb

Function : Author

R. Moderski

Function : Author

Y. Moriguchi

Function : Author

Emmanuel Moulin

Function : Author
PersonId : 747623
IdHAL : emmanuel-moulin-iemn
ORCID : 0000-0002-6204-0409
IdRef : 166268801

Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules

M. de Naurois

Function : Author
PersonId : 755312
ORCID : 0000-0002-7245-201X

Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies

D. Nedbal

Function : Author

S.J. Nolan

Function : Author

J.-P. Olive

Function : Author

Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements

K.J. Orford

Function : Author

J.L. Osborne

Function : Author

M. Ostrowski

Function : Author
PersonId : 755347
ORCID : 0000-0002-9199-7031

M. Panter

Function : Author

G. Pedaletti

Function : Author

G. Pelletier

Function : Author

Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble

P.-O. Petrucci

Function : Author
PersonId : 739658
IdHAL : pierre-olivier-petrucci
ORCID : 0000-0001-6061-3480
IdRef : 138456216

Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble

S. Pita

Function : Author

AstroParticule et Cosmologie

G. P¨uhlhofer

Function : Author

M. Punch

Function : Author
PersonId : 742769
IdHAL : michael-punch
ORCID : 0000-0002-4710-2165
IdRef : 15174677X

AstroParticule et Cosmologie

S. Ranchon

Function : Author

Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules

B.C. Raubenheimer

Function : Author

M. Raue

Function : Author

S.M. Rayner

Function : Author

O. Reimer

Function : Author

M. Renaud

Function : Author

J. Ripken

Function : Author

L. Rob

Function : Author

L. Rolland

Function : Author
PersonId : 4321
IdHAL : loic-rolland
ORCID : 0000-0003-0589-9687
IdRef : 090243080

Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée

S. Rosier-Lees

Function : Author

Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules

G. Rowell

Function : Author
PersonId : 755359
ORCID : 0000-0002-9516-1581

B. Rudak

Function : Author
PersonId : 758717
ORCID : 0000-0003-0452-3805

J. Ruppel

Function : Author

V. Sahakian

Function : Author

A. Santangelo

Function : Author
PersonId : 756060
ORCID : 0000-0003-4187-9560

L. Saugé

Function : Author

S. Schlenker

Function : Author

R. Schlickeiser

Function : Author

R. Schroder

Function : Author

U. Schwanke

Function : Author
PersonId : 755454
ORCID : 0000-0002-1229-278X

S. Schwarzburg

Function : Author

S. Schwemmer

Function : Author

A. Shalchi

Function : Author

H. Sol

Function : Author

Laboratoire Univers et Théories

D. Spangler

Function : Author

&#321. Stawarz

Function : Author

R. Steenkamp

Function : Author

C. Stegmann

Function : Author

G. Superina

Function : Author

Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet

T. Takeuchi

Function : Author

P.H. Tam

Function : Author

J.-P. Tavernet

Function : Author

Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies

R. Terrier

Function : Author

AstroParticule et Cosmologie

C. van Eldik

Function : Author
PersonId : 756115
ORCID : 0000-0001-9669-645X

G. Vasileiadis

Function : Author

Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules

C. Venter

Function : Author
PersonId : 755527
ORCID : 0000-0002-2666-4812

J.P. Vialle

Function : Author

Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules

P. Vincent

Function : Author

Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies

M. Vivier

Function : Author

Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée

H.J. Volk

Function : Author

F. Volpe

Function : Author

Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet

S.J. Wagner

Function : Author

M. Ward

Function : Author

Abstract

We observed the W28 field (for ~40 h) at Very High Energy (VHE) gamma-ray energies (E>0.1 TeV) with the H.E.S.S. Cherenkov telescopes. A reanalysis of EGRET E>100 MeV data was also undertaken. Results from the NANTEN 4m telescope Galactic plane survey and other CO observations have been used to study molecular clouds. We have discovered VHE gamma-ray emission (HESSJ1801-233) coincident with the northeastern boundary of W28, and a complex of sources (HESSJ1800-240A, B and C) ~0.5 deg south of W28, in the Galactic disc. The VHE differential photon spectra are well fit by pure power laws with indices Gamma~2.3 to 2.7. The NANTEN ^{12}CO(J=1-0) data reveal molecular clouds positionally associating with the VHE emission, spanning a ~15 km s^{-1} range in local standard of rest velocity. The VHE/molecular cloud association could indicate a hadronic origin for HESSJ1801-233 and HESSJ1800-240, and several cloud components in projection may contribute to the VHE emission. The clouds have components covering a broad velocity range encompassing the distance estimates for W28 (~2 kpc), and extending up to ~4 kpc. Assuming a hadronic origin, and distances of 2 and 4 kpc for cloud components, the required cosmic ray density enhancement factors (with respect to the solar value) are in the range ~10 to ~30. If situated at 2 kpc distance, such cosmic ray densities may be supplied by a SNR like W28. Additionally and/or alternatively, particle acceleration may come from several catalogued SNRs and SNR candidates, the energetic ultra compact HII region W28A2, and the HII regions M8 and M20 along with their associated open clusters. Further sub-mm observations would be recommended to probe in detail the dynamics of the molecular clouds at velocites >10 km s^{-1}, and their possible connection to W28.

Domains

Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO] Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO] Astrophysics [astro-ph]

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Submitted on : Monday, April 14, 2008-3:34:38 PM

Last modification on : Thursday, September 14, 2023-11:45:08 AM

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in2p3-00221478 , version 1 (14-04-2008)

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HAL Id : in2p3-00221478 , version 1
ARXIV : 0801.3555
DOI : 10.1051/0004-6361:20077765

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F. Aharonian, A.G. Akhperjanian, A.R. Bazer-Bachi, B. Behera, M. Beilicke, et al.. Discovery of very high energy gamma-ray emission coincident with molecular clouds in the W28 (G6.4-0.1) field. Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A, 2008, 481, pp.401-410. ⟨10.1051/0004-6361:20077765⟩. ⟨in2p3-00221478⟩

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Discovery of very high energy gamma-ray emission coincident with molecular clouds in the W28 (G6.4-0.1) field

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